Representative Projects Completed By SES



1. Antenna Farm Interference Study

Client: Florida Power & Light
Completion Date: Part 2: February 2023
Preliminary Study: December 2022

Project Outline:

This two-part study involved a preliminary analysis of modifications in antenna radiation patterns due to the presence of a 230 kV vertical transmission line circuit running past an antenna farm, followed by an analysis of the impact of a horizontal 230 kV transmission line circuit, with and without shield wires, on antenna radiation patterns.


2. Heater Cable Sensitivity Analysis: Apparent Impedance and Leakage Current Density

Client: Shell International
Completion Date: September 2021

Project Outline:

Study of the impact on circuit impedance and ground return conductor leakage currents of magnetic field interactions between three single-phase AC cables and an adjacent large steel surface, in a low resistivity medium.


3. Computer Modeling of ARTAZN LifeRibbon™ for Mitigation of Pipeline AC Interference

Client: ARTAZN LLC
Completion Date: April 2021

Project Outline:

Study of the grounding performance and therefore the AC mitigation performance of ARTAZN LifeRibbon™ and comparison with the performance of traditional zinc conductors with diamond cross-section.


4. Review of Atlantic Coast Pipeline AC Interference Mitigation Study

Client: Duke Energy
Completion Date: August 2019

Project Outline:

Detailed third-party review by SES of AC interference mitigation study of extensive exposure of Atlantic Coast Pipeline to 18 Duke Energy transmission lines ranging from 115 kV to 500 kV, including a continuous parallel exposure to roughly 24 miles of 500 kV line and close proximity to a major substation. The AC interference mitigation study report, associated computer models and new data collected by SES were reviewed.


5. Review of AC Interference Mitigation Assessment of PNG Line 99 and Proposed Pipes to New Receiver

Client: Piedmont Natural Gas
Completion Date: August 2019

Project Outline:

Detailed third-party review by SES of AC interference mitigation study of a PNG pipeline exposed to a Duke Energy 230 kV transmission line near a proposed new receiver station. Review included collection of additional power system and pipeline data, study of the third-party report, and examination of computer model inputs and outputs.


6. Harmonic Voltages Induced in ITC Twisted Wire Pair Telephone Cables by Crocker Wind Farm Collector Cables

Client: Geronimo Energy
Completion Date: May 2019

Project Outline:

Computer modeling of induced voltages in twisted wire pair telephone cables by wind turbine harmonics in underground collector cables with ground cable. Worst case combination of positive and negative sequence components of harmonic noise from the first 50 harmonics was considered and translated into the expected noise metallic on three telephone circuit branches, applying a C-message filter and typical telephone circuit balance. The interference levels were also expressed in terms of Ground Return I*T. The report included attachments designed to make it easier for power engineers to understand the terminology, calculations and measurements used by telephone companies to assess noise levels.


7. AEP/ECSL Mottville Hydro – Pigeon River Railroad Induction Mitigation Study

Client: ECSL
Completion Date: May 2019

Project Outline:

Preliminary AC induction mitigation study between a planned double-circuit 138 kV/69 kV transmission line with distribution underbuild and two railways, during fault and load conditions, including parametric analysis of interference levels versus load unbalance in transmission and distribution circuits, ballast resistance, locations of railroad insulated joints, installation of buried counterpoise mitigation, installation of a second distribution neutral, and extension of the distribution neutral along the transmission line beyond the end of distribution underbuild. Most of the proposed mitigation measures were related to load unbalance levels and the integrity of one set of railroad insulated joints.


8. Review of AC Interference Studies of Impact of Sheridan 69 kV Substation on Trans Mountain Pipelines

Client: Trans Mountain Corporation
Completion Date: April 2019

Project Outline:

Third-party review of studies previously conducted, and related to the mitigation required to address the impact of the Sheridan 69 kV Substation upon nearby Trans Mountain pipelines during fault conditions. The review entailed the study of the computer models that had been used, collection of additional data, a detailed modeling of the transmission system (including substation transformers), and an analysis of predicted coating stress voltages.


9. Review of BC Hydro Direct Arcing Calculations in Evaluation of Safety and Reliability Impacts of Planned Trans Mountain Pipeline on Existing BC Hydro Transmission System

Client: Trans Mountain Canada Inc.
Completion Date: March 2019

Project Outline:

Review of calculations of direct arcing risk to Trans Mountain pipeline from BC Hydro transmission lines and application thereof to further commentary on methodology that had been applied in developing a proposed mitigation strategy. Detailed recommendations for suitable protection of the pipeline were provided by SES.


10. Review of Aldene-Warinanco-Linden (AWL) Project 230 kV Overhead Transmission Line Encroachment Study

Client: Public Service Electric & Gas Company (PSE&G)
Completion Date: March 2019

Project Outline:

PSE&G Aldene – Warinanco - Linden (AWL) project to rebuild five (5) miles of aging 230 kV transmission infrastructure on an existing railroad ROW, in order to accommodate higher thermal load requirements. At 27 locations along the ROW, the separation between an existing high pressure gas pipeline and the transmission line structures was less than 10 feet; paralleling railroad tracks and several encroachments were also taken into account, including homes, garages, pools, perimeter fences, and other structures. The proposed work raised concerns associated with electrical interference, grounding effects, and personnel safety on the ROW. Safe Engineering Services & technologies ltd. (SES) was asked to assist and support PSE&G engineers in carrying out the study at SES offices, followed by remote project-specific support, and then to provide an expert review on the report.


11. Review of Construction Tolerances: Required Clearance of ATCO Jasper 6L650, 69 kV Transmission Line Poles from Trans Mountain Canada Pipeline

Client: Trans Mountain Canada Inc.
Completion Date: February 2019

Project Outline:

Further study of the corridor shared by an existing Trans Mountain Canada pipeline and proposed ATCO 69 kV transmission line, in order to provide construction tolerances for areas where transmission line poles are to be installed in close proximity to the pipeline.


12. Review of AC Interference Study and Mitigation Design Assessment of PNG 12” Line 439

Client: Piedmont Natural Gas
Completion Date: January 2019

Project Outline:

Third-party review of an AC interference mitigation study that was submitted to PNG for a proposed PNG pipeline exposed to a Duke Energy 230 kV transmission line, over a distance of approximately 4.5 miles. Detailed recommendations were made following collection of extensive data from stakeholders and a review of the report and computer models.


13. Review of Arcing Concerns Due to ATCO Jasper 6L650, 69 kV Transmission Line on Trans Mountain Canada Pipeline

Client: Trans Mountain Canada Inc.
Completion Date: September 2018

Project Outline:

Further to an initial third-party review conducted by SES of AC interference mitigation design studies, alternative mitigation designs were proposed by SES to address concerns related to direct arcing, supported by the modeling of lightning strikes to the 69 kV transmission line under study.


14. Review of AC Interference Analysis & Mitigation System Design for Cardinal Lateral Pipeline

Client: Duke Energy
Completion Date: September 2018

Project Outline:

Detailed review of a third-party AC interference mitigation study related to the exposure of Williams’ 24” Cardinal Lateral to Duke Energy 230 kV and 500 kV transmission lines over a distance of approximately 22 miles. SES provided cost-saving recommendations after a detailed review of extensive new data, the third-party report, and associated computer models.


15. Review of Predictive AC Influence Assessment for T-001A Phase 3 – 12” Interconnect

Client: Duke Energy
Completion Date: June 2018

Project Outline:

Third-party review by SES of an AC interference study of a 12” high pressure natural gas pipeline connection to a combined cycle plant supplying power to a network of 115 kV and 230 kV transmission lines.


16. Review of Third Party AC Mitigation Study for Trans Mountain Expansion Project

Client: Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.
Completion Date: January 2018

Project Outline:

Third-party review by SES of an AC mitigation study of portions of the proposed Trans Mountain pipeline running in close proximity to BC Hydro transmission lines. A detailed report, detailing cost-saving recommendations, was submitted.



17. Review of AC Interference Studies of Impact of Jasper 69 kV Interconnect on Trans Mountain Pipelines

Client: Kinder Morgan Canada Inc.
Completion Date: November 2017

Project Outline:

Review of two AC interference mitigation design studies, for 69 kV wood pole transmission line to be installed in very close proximity to an oil transmission pipeline, in order to reconcile certain differing results, conclusions and recommendations of the two studies. Of particular concern was the risk assessment of and proposed mitigation to address sustained direct arcing from pole grounds during fault conditions initiated by lightning. Sources of differences were identified and recommendations with respect to mitigation made.


18. Étude d’impact d’exploitation de la ligne 315 kV Charland-Fleury sur la ligne de chemin de fer du CN

Client: Canadian National Railway Company
Completion Date: September 2017

Project Outline:

Study of impact of 315 kV and 120 kV lines on railway system along particularly narrow 18 km long joint-use corridor on the Island of Montreal. Study included modeling of five (5) 315 kV substations along the corridor, surrounding urban infrastructure, track-connected lightning arrestors and bungalow grounds. Load and fault conditions were modeled, considering contingencies. The effectiveness of non-invasive mitigation strategies was examined.


19. Dairy Farm Stray Voltage Measurement and Investigation

Client: Confidential Client
Completion Date: August 2017

Project Outline:

Extensive testing for stray voltages at dairy farm, examining, independently, contributions from distribution system and contributions from farm loads. Demonstrated that voltages appearing at worst cow contact locations were only a small fraction of the distribution feeder GPR, with primary and secondary neutrals connected together.


20. Duke Energy Florida Eustis Electromagnetic Interference Study – Phase I

Client: Duke Energy Florida
Completion Date: March 2016

Project Outline:

Study of electromagnetic interference in adjacent gas pipeline and railway from planned 230 kV / 69 kV network expansion in Eustis, Florida. Load and fault conditions were studied and interference levels compared for present, near-future and far-future conditions. Furthermore, interference levels along the pipeline and railway were compared for 4 different proposed 69 kV line configuration options.


21. Petroleum Pipeline Grounding and Electromagnetic Interference Investigation Study

Client: Confidential Client
Completion Date: November 2016

Project Outline:

EMI study involving 6-mile exposure of 8-inch pipeline to parallel 138 kV and 345 kV transmission lines, running in close proximity to a 345 kV substation. Arcing concerns investigated, validation of computer model EMI predictions with field data, recommendations with respect to future mitigation of AC interference.


22. Review of AC Mitigation Modeling Study, Sabal Trail Pipeline

Client: Duke Energy Florida
Completion Date: December 2016

Project Outline:

Peer review of AC interference mitigation design study related to the Sabal Trail Pipeline: multiple 69 kV, 115 kV, 230 kV and 500 kV transmission lines associated with on the order of 80 substations, exposing much of the 233-mile main pipeline, its 2 laterals, and 3 compressor stations to AC interference during load and fault conditions.


23. EMI Mitigation Design Study for FGT 12" Gandy Blvd Relocation Project

Client: Duke Energy
Completion Date: Sunday, March 20, 2016

Project Outline:

AC interference mitigation design study for 12" directionally drilled high pressure natural gas pipeline installed parallel to 115 kV and 230 kV underground circuits, over distance of roughly 3 miles, in very low resistivity soil. AC corrosion concerns dominated this design effort, which applied novel mitigation design techniques to achieve acceptable current density levels in a brackish water environment. Power plant at one of the joint-use corridor, 230 kV / 115 kV substation at the other, and surrounding transmission system and urban infrastructure were also modeled.


24. EMI Study for Jackson's Ferry - Wythe/Progress Park 138 kV Transmission Line Project

Client: American Electric Power
Completion Date: Friday, November 28, 2014

Project Outline:

AC interference mitigation design study for 138 kV dual-circuit overhead transmission line running parallel to 24" high pressure natural gas pipeline for a distance of 3 miles.


25. EMI Study for ETT Clear Crossing - Dermott 345 kV Transmission Line Project

Client: Duke Energy
Completion Date: Monday, February 10, 2014

Project Outline:

AC interference mitigation design study for 90-mile double-circuit 345 kV transmission line running parallel to 16" natural gas pipeline over distance of roughly 6.3 miles, in very low resistivity soil, crossing it at 3 locations. A total of 7 pipelines with exposure to the transmission line were studied, along with another 345 kV line and a 138 kV line. Severe AC corrosion concerns dominated this design effort. Optimization of the mitigation, compared with an alternative design initially submitted by others, resulted in cost savings estimated to be on the order of 10% of the entire transmission line construction cost.


26. CoSyn FFT Pipeline EMI Study

Client: CoSyn Technology
Completion Date: July 23, 2013

Project Outline:

Study of induced voltages in 42” FFT aboveground pipeline in oil sands mine, due to adjacent 72 kV circuits. Found capacitive coupling to be the dominant mechanism during load conditions. Minimal mitigation found to eliminate potential nuisance shocks.


27. ETT Simple EMI Mitigation Study Illustrating Impact of Modeling Coating Holidays

Client: Electric Transmission Texas
Completion Date: May 23, 2013

Project Outline:

Feasibility study illustrating the great impact on mitigation requirements of accounting for through-earth coupling from gradient control wires when assessing ac leakage currents from coated pipes due to magnetic field induction from nearby double-circuit 345 kV transmission line.


28. Electromagnetic Interference Analysis of Underground Circulating Water Pipe

Client: Stone & Webster (for Entergy Louisiana)
Completion Date: December 11, 2012

Project Outline:

Determination of ac leakage current density, potential rise and temperature rise of underground circulating water pipes exposed to induction from adjacent 230 kV transmission line at Entergy’s Ninemile Power Plant. Required detailed modeling of prestressed concrete cylinder pipes.


29. Maine Power Reinforcement Project – 345 kV Transmission Line Impact Study

Client: Burns & McDonnell (for Central Maine Power)
Completion Date: May 31, 2013 (Phase III), June 27, 2012 (Phase II & Phase III), August 19, 2011 (Phase I)

Project Outline:

This is an analysis of the impact of (Phase I) and design of mitigation for (Phase II) a 247-mile 345 kV transmission line system and nearby 115 kV transmission lines on parallel pipelines (on the order of 125 miles) and railways (on the order of 10 short parallel sections or crossings). The impact of the new 345 kV lines on lower voltage transmission lines (115 kV and 37 kV), when de‑energized, is also being examined. This very large project has required custom automation of the CDEGS software package. Furthermore, it has required the development of a methodology to correct soil resistivity measurements for distortion introduced by bare metallic structures buried along the joint-use corridor.


30. BP Skarv Swivel EMI Interference Study

Client: BP/Aker Solutions
Completion Date: May 2012

Project Outline:

Evaluation of induced voltages and currents between power cables and other types of cabling associated with a floating production and offloading vessel.


31. Greater Springfield Reliability Project – Electromagnetic Interference Study

Client: NorthEast Utilities Service Company
Completion Date: March 2012 (Phase II-III Update)

Project Outline:

Impact analysis and mitigation, as required, for 5 natural gas pipelines and 4 railways following or intersecting a planned 35-mile 345 kV transmission line and several 115 kV lines, to be built as part of the New England East-West Solution (NEEWS).


32. National Grid – MBCR/MBTA Transit System – AC Interference Investigation

Client: National Grid
Completion Date: June 2011

Project Outline:

Study to determine the magnitude of electromagnetic interference (EMI) levels caused by local electric distribution circuits on a railway system during worst-case steady state (load) as well as phase-to-ground fault conditions, including appropriate mitigation measures to reduce excessive induced voltages and currents to acceptable levels that would not interfere with control and signal circuitry.


33. Benton Lake Telephone Lines Harmonic Interference Analysis

Client:

Xcel Energy/Excel Engineering, Inc.

Completion Date: November 5, 2010

Project Outline:

Interference mitigation study involving proposed 27-mile 115 kV transmission line and parallel telephone cables. Study included comparing computer model predictions and measured induced voltages associated with 34.5 kV collector lines from wind farms, running parallel to telephone cables. Excellent agreement was obtained. Effective mitigation for influence of 115 kV line was designed. Further testing after construction of the 115 kV line validated the predictions of the impact of the 115 kV line.


34. Norfolk Southern – Cleveland Public Power – AC Interference Analysis

Client: Norfolk Southern Railway
Completion Date: October 1, 2010

Project Outline:

Study of AC interference between proposed 138 kV transmission line and two sections of track belonging to Norfolk Southern Railway Company, for a total of approximately 7 miles of joint-use corridor. Existing 345 kV and 138 kV transmission lines and four substations located near the railway must also be considered, for both load and fault conditions, with multiple failure contingencies and possible train locations.


35. Bethel-Norwalk Extended Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis

Client: NorthEast Utilities Service Company
Completion Date: August 2008

Project Outline:

This project involved the computer modeling of approximately 30.4 miles of new and reconstructed 345 kV and 115 kV lines, for the most part sited within existing transmission corridors or public roadways. The new 345&kV transmission line runs roughly parallel to existing railroad tracks. The objective of the study was to design any required corrective measures due to power frequency transferred voltage and current levels during fault and load conditions that could potentially interfere with the railroad signaling, communications, and grade crossing equipment, or represent a direct electrical safety concern. As part of this study, several efficient, economical and non-intrusive mitigation techniques were identified that significantly reduce interference levels caused by high voltage transmission lines.


36. Verification of Mitigation: NRI 345 kV Line/ M&N Pipeline

Client: Spectra Energy
Completion Date: January 2008

Project Outline:

Verification of as-built mitigation for M&N Pipeline, which runs parallel to the soon to be energized NRI 345 kV line in the State of Maine, U.S.A. Computer modeling and field testing of mitigation. Test procedures were devised to verify the performance of mitigation during both fault and steady state conditions. This involved measurements at approximately 100 sites, including one compressor station, 5 valve sites, approximately 70 test stations, and 30 additional mitigation connection locations.


37. Middleton-Norwalk Electromagnetic Interference Study

Client: NorthEast Utilities Service Company & The United Illuminating Company
Completion Date: December 2007

Project Outline:

This electromagnetic interference study involved new 345 kV transmission lines running a total length of 69 miles, including an underground cable section of about 23 miles. Of concern was exposure of a railroad, for a total length of about 13 miles, and three gas pipelines, for a total length of 8 miles. It was demonstrated that no mitigation was required along the exposure to the underground cable, nor were interference levels excessive during peak load conditions along the overhead line. Cost-effective, non-intrusive mitigation was designed to address fault conditions on the overhead line.


38. Benton Lake Telephone Lines Harmonic Interference Analysis

Client: Xcel Energy
Completion Date: October 2007

Project Outline:

Interference mitigation study involving proposed 27-mile 115 kV transmission line and parallel telephone cables. Study included comparing computer model predictions and measured induced voltages associated with 34.5 kV collector lines from wind farms, running parallel to telephone cables. Excellent agreement was obtained. Effective mitigation for influence of 115 kV line was designed.


39. GMCW 345 kV Line NEV Study

Client: American Transmission Company
Completion Date: September 2007

Project Outline:

Study of mitigation methods to reduce neutral-to-earth voltages induced in 34.5 kV distribution underbuild (length of 3400 ft) and 12 kV buried distribution cable (parallel length of 3.4 miles), along 345 kV/138 kV transmission line.


40. Neutral to Remote Earth Voltage Analysis - Jefferson Transmission Line Project: Phase II

Client: American Transmission Company
Completion Date: June 2007

Project Outline:

This and the two following studies were undertaken in order to investigate methods to reduce undesirable voltages that could be induced in distribution neutral conductors by parallel transmission lines. The Jefferson project involved a planned 16-mile 138 kV transmission line, with distribution circuits running parallel to it for a total distance of approximately 6.5 miles. An extensive parametric analysis was carried out in order to investigate the effects of shield wire interruptions, continuous counterpoise, separation distance between circuits, phasing, phase unbalance, ground resistances, use of buried distribution feeder versus underbuild, changes in distribution neutral size, transmission line cross-sectional configuration, installation of a supplementary underbuild shield wire and bonding of a buried cable’s concentric neutral to the transmission line shield wire.


41. Neutral to Remote Earth Voltage Analysis – North Randolph-Fox Lake-North Beaver Dam Transmission Line

Client: American Transmission Company
Completion Date: June 2007

Project Outline:

A 1-mile underbuilt section of a distribution feeder neutral was instrumented and approximate voltages and currents measured for 52 different energization and connection configurations, such as the following: with the transmission line energized and de-energized; with the overhead distribution feeder in service and with it replaced by a buried feeder; with the customer neutrals isolated and connected to the primary neutral; with the feeder neutral isolated and connected to the remainder of the distribution system; with the neutral connected to the static wire by means of a temporary jumper at each end of the feeder and without the jumper; with the transmission shield wire interrupted at each end of the feeder and continuous. Good agreement was obtained between the computer model and the field data.


42. Neutral to Remote Earth Voltage Analysis - Duplainville Transmission Line Project

Client: American Transmission Company
Completion Date: April 2007

Project Outline:

A 138 kV transmission line was energized with both zero and positive sequence 65 Hz currents and computer model predictions of induced neutral current and neutral-to-earth voltage were compared with those measured with a dynamic signal analyzer. Given the urban environment and unknown customer grounding, computer model predictions matched measured data quite well. New methods of measuring steel pole ground resistances were also tested.


43. Glenbrook-Norwalk Electromagnetic Interference Study

Client: Northeast Utilities Service Company
Completion Date: April 2007

Project Outline:

This AC interference mitigation study involved an 8.8-mile, double-circuit, 115 kV, buried, solid dielectric cable line running parallel to an electrified railroad, gas pipelines, and water pipes. SES’s mandate was to investigate the electromagnetic interference caused by the proposed 115-kV underground cables during load and fault conditions and to design appropriate corrective measures. By building a comprehensive electromagnetic interference model, including the mitigative influence of metallic infrastructure in the surrounding suburban area, SES demonstrated that minimal corrective measures were required.